Umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho

Ukuzivikela kuqala ngokuthola ulwazi...

 Kulobe: uDkt Thobile Goba-Mjwara

Umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ungenye yemidlavuza evame kakhulu kwabesifazane eNingizimu Afrika, futhi ungomunye wemidlavuza obulala abesifazane abaningi.

Okuhle wukuthi lo mdlavuza uyagwemeka ezikhathini eziningi ngokugonywa nangokuhlolwa njalo, futhi uma utholakala kusenesikhathi uyelapheka ngempumelelo.

Uyini Umdlavuza Womlomo Wesibeletho?

Umlomo wesibeletho (i-cervix) yingxenye engezansi kwesibeletho, exhumene nesitho sangasese sowesifazane.

Umdlavuza uqala ngokuthi izicubu zomlomo wesibeletho zishintshe, zikhule ngendlela engalawuleki. Lokhu kuvamise ukwenzeka kancane kancane eminyakeni eminingi, okwenza kube khona ithuba lokubamba nokuwelapha ngaphambi kokuba ukhule ube umdlavuza.

Udalwa Yini?

Cishe zonke izigameko zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho zibangelwa wukutheleleka  ngegciwane elibizwa ngokuthi yiHuman Papillomavirus (HPV).

Leli gciwane lisakazeka ngokuthintana okusondelene kwesikhumba, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi socansi. Abantu abaningi bayaye batheleleke nge-HPV ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yabo, kodwa imizimba eminingi iyakwazi ukulwa, ilinqobe leli gciwane ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

Uma ukutheleleka kuqhubeka isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi ngezinhlobo eziyingozi ze-HPV ezifana ne-HPV 16 no-18, kungaholela ekusabalaleni komdlavuza emzimbeni.

NGObani Abasengozini Enkulu?

Noma yimuphi owesifazane angawuthola lo mdlavuza, kodwa ubungozi buyanda uma:
🦠 Etheleleke isikhathi eside nge-HPV enobungozi.
🦠 Ephila negciwane lengculazi (HIV) noma enesimo esenza amasosha omzimba abe buthaka.
🦠 Ebhema.
🦠 Eqale ukuya ocansini esemncane.
🦠 Enezihlobo zocansi eziningi, noma umlingani onezihlobo eziningi.
🦠 Engayi njalo ukohlolwa umlomo wesibeletho, (Pap smear).

Abesifazane abaphila ne-HIV basengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, yingakho kubalulekile ukuthi bahlolwe njalo ngokweseluleko sabasebenzi bezempilo.

Izimpawu Okungafanele Uzizibe

Ezigabeni zokuqala, umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ungase ungabi nazimpawu. Yingakho ukuhlolwa njalo kubalulekile.

Uma izimpawu sezikhona, zingabandakanya:
❌ Ukopha phakathi kwezikhathi zokuya esikhathini.
❌ Ukopha ngemuva kocansi.
❌ Ukopha ngemuva kokuyeka ukuya esikhathini, (post-menopause).
❌ Ukuya esikhathini okuningi noma okuhlala isikhathi eside.
❌ Ukuphuma uketshezi, (discharge) olungavamile esithweni sangasese sowesifazane.
❌ Ubuhlungu esinqeni noma ngesikhathi socansi.
❌ Ukuchama kaningi noma ubunzima bokuchama.

Lezi zimpawu kazichazi ngazo zonke izikhathi ukuthi umuntu unomdlavuza, kodwa kubalulekile ukuya esikhungweni sezempilo ukuze ahlolwe.

OKUNGAKUSIZA UKUHLENGA IMPILO YAKHO: 

💊 Umgomo we-HPV: ungenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokuvimbela umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho. Usebenza kahle uma unikezwa ngaphambi kokuba umuntu atheleleke ngegciwane.

💊 Ukuhlolwa Komlomo Wesibeletho: Ukuhlolwa komlomo wesibeletho (Pap smear noma ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV) kusiza ukuthola amaseli (cells) angajwayelekile ngaphambi kokuba abe umdlavuza.

Uma kutholakala ushintsho kusenesikhathi, lungelashwa futhi kuvikelwe ukuthi lungaphenduki umdlavuza.

💊 Bonke abesifazane: kufanele baxoxe nodokotela noma abahlengikazi mayelana nokuthi kufanele baqale nini ukuhlolwa nokuthi kufanele bahlolelwe kangaki.

OKUNGenziwa ngabesifazane abanesandulela-ngculaza: 

Abesifazane abaphila ne-HIV, bangase badinge ukuhlolwa kaningi.

 Indlela Yokuphila Enempilo:

Unganciphisa ubungozi ngokuthi:
✔️ Uye njalo ukuyohlolwa kwabezempilo.
✔️ Uyeke ukubhema.
✔️ Ulandele izindlela zokuzivikela ngesikhathi wenza socansi.
✔️ Ungazibi izimpawu ezingajwayelekile.

Utholakala Kanjani Umdlavuza?

Uma ukuhlolwa kukhombisa okungajwayelekile noma kukhona izimpawu, udokotela angase enze lokhu:
• Akuhlole kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV.
• I-Colposcopy (ukuhlolwa komlomo wesibeletho ngensimbi ekhulisayo).
• Ukuthatha isampula (biopsy) ukuze kuhlolwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu.
• Ama-CT scan, MRI noma ezinye izithombe uma kudingeka kubonakale ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele yini.

Ukwelashwa;

Indlela yokwelapha incike ekutheni umdlavuza ususabalele kangakanani, impilo yomuntu iyonke  nezifiso zakhe zokuba nabantwana esikhathini esizayo.

Ukwelashwa kungabandakanya:
• Ukuhlinzwa.
• Wukususwa kwesibeletho (hysterectomy).
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe (radiotherapy).
• Ukwelashwa ngemithi yokubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza (chemotherapy).
• Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-radiotherapy ne-chemotherapy ezigabeni ezithuthukile.
• Imithi yesimanje efana ne-targeted therapy
noma i-immunotherapy kwezinye iziguli.

Ukutholakala kusenesikhathi komdlavuza Kusindisa impilo;

Umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ungomunye wemidlavuza engagwemeka futhi welashwe ngempumelelo uma utholakala kusenesikhathi.

Ungesabi noma ube namahloni ukuya kohlowa. Ukuthola umphumela ongajwayelekile akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi unomdlavuza, kodwa kusho ukuthi kudingeka uxilongwe futhi welashwe uma kunesidingo.

Ngokugonyelwa iHPV, wukuhlolwa njalo, ukuqaphela izimpawu nokufuna usizo lwezempilo , kunganciphisa kakhulu isibalo sabesifazane abatholakala benomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.

Khumbula:

Ukugwema kungcono kunokwelapha. Hamba uyohlolwa, khuthaza nabanye besifazane ukuba benze okufanayo, ngoba impilo yakho ibalulekile!

I-Oncologist yenu
Dr Thobile Goba-Mjwara
Clinical Oncologist
MBChB (UKZN) MMed (Rad.Onc) FC Rad.Onc (SA)